SCIENCE AND MATH CONCEPTS

Linear momentum  is a vector quantity defined as the product of an object's mass, m, and its velocity, v.  Linear momentum  is denoted by the letter p and is called “ momentum ” for short: Note that a body's  momentum  is always in the same direction as its velocity vector. The units of  momentum  are kg. · m/s. Equations Equation Symbols Meaning in words p = mv p = m v p, equals, m, v p p p  is momentum,  m m m  is mass, and  v v v  is velocity Momentum is mass times velocity. \Delta p = F_\text {net} \Delta t Δ p = F net ​ Δ t delta, p, equals, F, start subscript, n, e, t, end subscript, delta, t F_\text {net} F net ​ F, start subscript, n, e, t, end subscript  is the net external force,  \Delta p Δ p delta, p  is change in momentum, and  \Delta t Δ t delta, t  is the time over which a net force acts How momentum and net force are related You might recall from the kinematic equations with constant acceleration that change in velocity  \Delta v Δ v delta, v

What is Force? Force can be defined as a push or a pull that changes or tends to change the state of rest or uniform motion of an object or changes the direction or shape of an object.  It causes objects to accelerate or add to their overall pressure. In simple terms, it is a push or a pull on an object that takes place when two objects interact. It is the basic cause of motion from rest. Unit of Measurement It is measured in ‘Newton’ (N). Newton measures the force needed to move, accelerate or speed up objects. The basic formula for it is, F = m.a, where, ‘m’ stands for the mass in kilograms and ‘a’ stands for acceleration in m/sec 2 .  It may also be measured in Pounds. Force is a Vector Quantity Types of Forces There are different types of forces in the Universe. Based on the nature of the interaction between two bodies, they  can be classified into two main categories viz. Contact Forces. Non-Contact Forces (Field Forces or Action at a Distance Forces).