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Basic math formulas

Average formula: 

Let a1,a2,a3,......,an be a set of numbers, average = (a1 + a2 + a3,+......+ an)/n

Fractions formulas: 

Converting an improper fraction to a mixed number:

Formula for a proportion: 



In a proportion, the product of the extremes (ad) equal the product of the means(bc), 

Thus, ad = bc


Percent: 

Percent to fraction: x% = x/100

Percentage formula: Rate/100 = Percentage/base

Rate: The percent. 
Base: The amount you are taking the percent of.
Percentage: The answer obtained by multiplying the base by the rate

 Consumer math formulas: 

Discount = list price × discount rate

Sale price = list price − discount

Discount rate = discount ÷ list price

Sales tax = price of item × tax rate

Interest = principal × rate of interest × time

Tips = cost of meals × tip rate

Commission = cost of service × commission rate

Geometry formulas: 

Perimeter:

Perimeter of a square: s + s + s + s 
s:length of one side

Perimeter of a rectangle: l + w + l + w
l: length
w: width

Perimeter of a triangle: a + b + c
a, b, and c: lengths of the 3 sides

Area:

Area of a square: s × s 
s: length of one side

Area of a rectangle: l × w
l: length
w: width

Area of a triangle: (b × h)/2
b: length of base
h: length of height

Area of a trapezoid: (b1 + b2) × h/2
b1 and b2: parallel sides or the bases
h: length of height

volume:

Volume of a cube: s × s × s 
s: length of one side

Volume of a box: l × w × h
l: length
w: width
h: height

Volume of a sphere: (4/3) × pi × r3
pi: 3.14
r: radius of sphere

Volume of a triangular prism: area of triangle × Height = (1/2 base × height) × Height
base: length of the base of the triangle
height: height of the triangle
Height: height of the triangular prism

Volume of a cylinder:pi × r2 × Height
pi: 3.14
r: radius of the circle of the base
Height: height of the cylinder


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